The Great Chief Justice John Marshall And The Rule Of Law

The Great Chief Justice: John Marshall and the Rule of Law by Charles F. Hobson examines the judicial career of John Marshall, as well as the legal culture that helped to shape his political beliefs and his major constitutional opinions. The author sources much of his information from the formal opinions that Marshall issued during his judicial career. From these writings, Hobson presents Marshall s views on law and government and provides explanations for what in Marshall s life influenced those beliefs. Hobson explains that he has examined Marshall s judicial writings through the perspective of the common law tradition in which [Marshall] was bred (Hobson xiii). He states that Marshall read legal texts with a great attention to detail in an attempt to understand the intent of the writer. Similarly, Hobson tries to gain a better understanding of Marshall s principles by analyzing his legal writings. Because Marshall wrote with such care, looking into his writings allowed Hobso n to gain insight into the experiences of Marshall and to conclude how he came to both his beliefs and principles. Marshall s thought helps one understand cases before the Marshall Court better because many of his decisions display common themes, which can be traced back to experiences he has had in his life. Three significant life experiences helped to formulate Marshall s political principles and influence his judicial career: the American Revolution, the state legislature of theShow MoreRelatedJohn Marshalls Effect on the American Judicial System Essays1656 Words   |  7 PagesJohn Marshalls Effect on the American Judicial System I.Introduction In the early years of the eighteenth Century, the young United States of America were slowly adapting to the union and the way the country was governed. And just like the country, the governmental powers were starting to develop. Since the creation of the Constitution and due to the Connecticut Compromise, there is the Executive, the Legislative and the Judicial Power. But the existence of those powers was not always thatRead MoreThe Supreme Court Two Hundred Years869 Words   |  4 Pagesdefeated President, Marshall is arguably the most significant judge in American history--yet only now is he getting the scholarly recognition he so richly deserves. For instance, Herbert A. Johnson, the founding editor of the invaluable Papers of John Marshall, Charles F. Hobson, his successor, and Jean Edward Smith have written excellent biographies of Marshall. These works tend toward the massive, as does G. Edward White s important study of the last twenty years of the Marshall Court. One couldR ead MoreMajor Supreme Court Cases Under Judge John Marshall1482 Words   |  6 Pagesmade by Supreme Court chief justice John Marshall have had a major influence on todays Judiciary System. One of his major decisions was in the case Marbury v. Madison, in which he set the precedent of judicial review. Another major decision is in the case McCulloch v. Maryland, in this case Marshall ruled that Congress possesses certain implied powers. Other major decisions made by Marshall were in the cases Dartmouth College v. Woodward, Gibbons v. Ogden, in which Marshall defined national powerRead More Major Supreme Court Cases Under Judge John Marshall Essay1441 Words   |  6 Pagesmade by Supreme Court chief justice John Marshall have had a major influence on today’s Judiciary System. One of his major decisions was in the case Marbury v. Madison, in which he set the precedent of judicial review. Another major decision is in the case McCulloch v. Maryland, in this case Marshall ruled t hat Congress possesses certain implied powers. Other major decisions made by Marshall were in the cases Dartmouth College v. Woodward, Gibbons v. Ogden, in which Marshall defined national powerRead MoreParagraph 8 Of Constitution And Its Effect On The Economy1548 Words   |  7 Pagesthe congress have the power to decide the rule of immigrant to citizen, and in other hand, congress have the power to setting rule for hopelessly indebted people and businesses to declare bankruptcy. Clause 5 is another important clause which expansion the power of congress to decide what moneys are and sets its value. Congress also gets to set standards of weights and measures. Clause 5 and 6 given the congress power to manage money, so congress have great power to influence the economic, and coinRead MoreThe Issue Of National Supremacy985 Words   |  4 Pages The issue of national supremacy is one that is addressed through several cases decided by the Marshall Court. McCullough v. Maryland (1819) and Gibbons v. Ogden (1824) are two of the most important cases concerning national supremacy that came to the Supreme Court during John Marshall s time as chief justice. While McCullough deals with the right of the federal government to create its own bank, Gibbons deals with the right of the federal government to regulate interstate and foreign commerceRead MoreThe Early Accomplishments of John Marshall Essay1883 Words   |  8 PagesThe Early Accomplishments of John Marshall John Marshall began as a soldier who became part of George Washington?s command group. After John was discharged, he pursued his legal career with a formal education, which was quite casual at the time. He established a practice in Richmond and became very successful. Marshall was very casual yet received a reputation for being outstanding regardless of his messy look. In the late 1780?s, John was a successful member of the Richmond bar. He was knownRead MoreThe Judicial Power Of The United States1851 Words   |  8 Pagesframers of the Judicial Power was John Marshall. Chief Justice John Marshall was one of the main figures in the history of the US Judicial System. He was the youngest Chief Justices in the history of the United States and was the developer of the most important power of the Supreme Court, The Judicial Review. The purpose of this paper is to discuss how Chief Justice John Marshall affected the American Judicial System and also a brief biography of John Marshall. Then it will describe in detail theRead MoreThe Issue Of National Supremacy1258 Words   |  6 PagesNational Supremacy is one that is addressed through several cases decided by the Marshall Court. National Supremacy refers to the idea that when a conflict arises between a state law and a federal law, the federal law will take precedence. It comes from the Supremacy Clause in Article Six, Clause 2 of the United States Constitution. The clause makes the U.S. Constitution, its treaties, and its federal laws the highest laws in the country. McCullough v. Maryland (1819) and Gibbons v. Ogden (1824) areRead MoreJohn Locke And James Harrington Essay1378 Words   |  6 Pagesapplication of a wide-range of philosophies. Political Philosophers such as John Locke and James Harrington along with the seekers of religious freedom the Pil grims set a standard for government’s role in American’s lives. This standard is then transformed into what James Madison referred to as â€Å"factions† or as contemporary Americans would refer to as Political parties. All of these variables thus factor into how American’s view law and order represented in Supreme Court cases such as Marbury vs. Madison

Analysis Of The Book Huckleberry Finn - 2017 Words

As its title suggests, the main character and protagonist of the story is Huckleberry Finn. He is the narrator of the story who desires to be free from the restraining life that he was given from the widow. He is an observational boy who knows how to survive outdoors and will try to get out of any situation. During the course of the story his conscience often bothers him about the consequences of his actions such as freeing Jim and how an event will affect the people involved such as during a scam. This ties into the theme of conscious versus instilled beliefs or survival instinct. External conflicts he faces include forces of nature such as storms or fog, avoiding capture and return to the widow, antagonism from his father, trying to get away from and avoid trouble with the Duke and king, and eventually trying to free Jim. The internal conflicts he has are deciding on whether or not to return Jim to the widow or let him continue on his way, determining whether to help the Wilkes dau ghter who were being scammed or save himself, and trying to figure out the best courses of action when confronted with an obstacle. In the end, it turns out Jim was freed by the widow’s will, so Huck decided to go west to be free from civilization. The secondary protagonist of the story in an African American runaway slave named Jim. He provides companionship and assistance to Huck as the two are both fugitives. He is also one of the sources of internal conflict Huck Finn faces, that being thatShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Book Huckleberry Finn 1970 Words   |  8 Pagesmisery, and controversy as the word â€Å"nigger.† This word has been a deep concern in American history and culture, and the use of it two hundred nineteen times in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn has caused a mass of debate. Despite critism on its complex and offensive subject matter, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn hold enduring academic value among students and should be taught in American high schools because it serves as a medium of literary teaching, an alternative source for studying AmericanRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn 1332 Words   |  6 PagesMicaela Soriano AP Lit Period 2 Mr. Etheridge Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Cheat Sheet Title: Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Author: Mark Twain Publication: December 10, 1884 Setting and Time period: The setting throughout the story mainly takes place along areas by the Mississippi River, and as stated in the book, â€Å"Forty to Fifty Years ago†. Characters: Huckleberry Finn - The protagonist and narrator of the novel. Huck is the thirteen-year-old son of the local drunk of St. Petersburg, MissouriRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Huckleberry Finn 943 Words   |  4 PagesRepresentation of Jim in Adventures of Huckleberry Finn In the opening of Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Jim, an escaped slave previously owned by Miss Watson, is a simple, kind, and generous man who is also almost superstitious to a fault. However, Jim develops as a character throughout the novel in a humble passage from slave to free man and Tom Sawyer’s savior. This character transformation manifests itself throughout Jim and Huck’s time together in a search for freedom and a path back to Jim’sRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Huckleberry Finn 1319 Words   |  6 PagesThe Adventures Huckleberry Finn is an American literature classic that tells a marvellous tale. With thrilling twists, character development, and usage of language, it is easy to understand why it is considered an American classic. The interpretation of that story is up to the reader. The similarities, or perhaps the difference of the characters in the book help make it all much more believable. The ranging personalities create imagery of real life. Yet, some of the personalities and their goal areRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Huckleberry Finn 1974 Words   |  8 Pagesterm literary canon, the reader is left wondering whether or not Huckleberry Finn deserves its place in our literary canon? Many people like Jane Smiley, are against it being part of our literary canon for multiple reasons. For example, she is against it because of the appearance of racism and the events throughout the book. However, despite all the criticism this book faces, one point the critics do not consider is the influence this book has on modern American culture and also about how the novel isRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Huckleberry Finn Essay1842 Words   |  8 Pagesunderstanding others unlike ourselves, for its satirical attack against complacency regarding the evils in our world, for its use of original literary techniques, and for its profound insight into human nature and human foibles, Huckleberry Finn is one of the most teachable books. It i s especially suited for the study of American literature in the eleventh or twelfth grades. This is the time when young adults are making decisions about their lives--moral, social, emotional, academic decisions. They areRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn 1310 Words   |  6 PagesThe Adventures of Huckleberry Finn has been a topic of debate for a long time. The most heated topic of debate is if the novel is racist and if it should then be included in school curriculum whether. Many believe this book should be taken out of school curriculum for being racist. Huckleberry FInn should be taught in schools because of its satire, views on slavery and morals, and depiction of antebellum America. Huck Finn still remains a classic Twain s use of satire is one of the many thingsRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn 1648 Words   |  7 PagesLola Parsapour Mr. Ruddy AP Lang 3 September 2015 The Value in the Adventures of Huckleberry Finn The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, written by Mark Twain, developed into one of the most controversial books in America. The basis of this controversy can be summarized briefly for it was the use of racial slur and issues of slavery that caused tension in our society. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn was banned for the first time one month after its publication. â€Å"â€Å"Not suitable for trash† was theRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn 923 Words   |  4 Pagesrambling of thought, a major piece of literary confusion plaguing my mind something most fierce that I cannot even lay my head down to rest peacefully lest this situation be resolved. As of this moment, the majority of my latest novel Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is nearing its completion, settling at the end of its forty-second chapter, only one more concluding verbose passage revolving around in the air within my mind. While most would be elated and at peace for achieving somethi ng so grand- a nearRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Murtagh And Huckleberry Finn 1262 Words   |  6 PagesMurtagh and Huck Finn In great works of literature many of the same traits and characteristics appear in the main characters. Adventure books where you find Heroes and villains in a constant struggle to thwart the others efforts are where you could notice the reoccurring traits the most. Heroes are often very similar, demonstrating similar strengths and weaknesses. I compare Huckleberry Finn, to Murtagh of the Inheritance series. Although Murtagh is not the main protagonist, he is most certainly

Analysis Of The Movie Yankee - 912 Words

Sabina Berman is a notable and critically acclaimed Mexican playwright. Berman’s notable work includes her first published play, Yankee (1979). In Adam Versà ©nyi’s translation of Yankee, Berman explores the relationship between the individual and identity. Through the three main characters—Bill, Alberto, and Rosa—we see the continual conflict they face as they aspire to achieve their respective objectives: to feel nurtured and loved, to have peace and quiet, and to feel loved and acknowledged. But it is Berman’s interjection of juxtapositions that forces us to analyze the relationship between the main characters. More specifically, Berman focuses on the impact Bill has as an intruder, and how he highlights the national identity incompatibilities between North American and Mexican cultures, to expose the serious social and political problems between the nations. An important character in the play is Bill, a North American man with a distressful repressed past. In fact, this character inspires Berman’s choice of the title Yankee since he is an American man living in Mexico. Normally, people from Mexico seek entrance into the US, but in this unusual circumstance Bill avoids the US. In order to understand why Bill remains in a country that is seen as underdeveloped and corrupt, Berman repeatedly includes scenes in which Bill recalls his experience in the 1975 Vietnam War. He is depicted as a victim of the Vietnam War, while also representing North American imperialism. GrowingShow MoreRelatedEssay on Interpersonal Communications in Sweet Home Alabama1411 Words   |  6 Pages He then goes inside as she replies, â€Å"Jake, you dumb stubborn redneck hick, the only reason you won’t sign these papers is because I want you to!† He exclaims, â€Å"WRONG! The only reason I ain’t signing is because you’ve turned in to some hoity toity Yankee bitch, and I’d like nothing more than to piss you off!† Throughout this whole ordeal, the two are making facial expressions depicting anger and annoyance. Also they are extremely verbally aggressive towards each other. In this scene, both MelanieRead MoreStand by Me by Stephan King830 Words   |  4 PagesA Journey of a Different Kind Stand by Me By: Stephen King Literary Analysis Essay If it’s not one thing, it’s another. Would you ever want to be in some of these situations? Stephen King’s movie â€Å"Stand by Me,† is a movie about a group of four twelve year old boys; Gordie Lachance, Chris Chambers, Teddy Duchamp and Vern Tessio who set off on an adventure to locate the body of a dead boy. This film has a reoccurring theme of showdowns. The boys run into numerous breathtaking and sad showdownsRead MoreThe Adjustment Team By Philip K. Dick1028 Words   |  5 PagesBureau, David and Elise are not meant to be together. Therefore, the Adjustment Bureau intervenes to keep them on their predetermined life path. David’s unwillingness to accept that he and Elise are not meant to be together is the foundation of the movie. Thus, fate seems to be the central theme of the film. Though, I concede that fate is an important aspect of the film. I insist that power relations are also important to the progression of the film. Hats in The Adjustment Bureau are a symbol of aRead MoreWilliam Faulkner s A Rose For Emily1682 Words   |  7 Pagesreaders would have thought from the scenes in the movie, in fact the film had her right in the middle of a busy town. After Emily s father dies, there is no mention of how long it took, but they finally remove his body, which is still sitting at the dinner table. The next scene is where Emily meets Homer. Tobe, her servant, who never spoke in the book, comes to her with concern after she speaks to Homer, Miss Emily? Emily responds with the Yankee? (Chubbuck, Lyndon 1983 ;) Faulkner never had herRead MoreSample Business Plan4113 Words   |  17 PagesSmall Business Administration. Mission Statement Rick’s Wicks is committed to light the way to beauty, harmony, inner peace and happiness one satisfied customer after another. Industry Overview Industry Analysis 1. Industry Background and Overview The retail candle industry includes the sale of candles and various accessories. The candle sales can be grouped into five major categories; decorative, therapeutic, functionalRead MoreFinal Essay, Intro to Film Eng 2252743 Words   |  11 PagesAn Analysis of the film Gone With the Wind Catherine M. Piraino ENG 225 INRO TO FILM Instructor Pal December 17, 2012 An Analysis of the film Gone with the Wind Rarely has a film impacted an audience and held the test of time as the film Gone with the Wind. I have always been curious if director, Victor Fleming and producer, David O. Selznick and screenplay writer, Sidney Howard knew what they were creating a masterpiece and how this film would have such an enormous impact on audiencesRead MoreStaten Island Yankees Marketing Strategy2475 Words   |  10 Pagesmanagers must become increasingly aware of the intangibles associated with marketing the sport product as well as factors affecting fan retention and loyalty (Miloch, 2005). Nonetheless, despite the economic realities confronting minor league teams, movie theatres, malls, and other traditional sources of discretionary spending, it is imperative that the Staten Island Yankees exemplify the standard set by the parent team, and display shrewd financial planning to achieve dominance within its own marketRead MoreHuck Finn Essay1835 Words   |  8 Pagespresent B. Experiences and achievements III Plot analysis A. analysis of plot structure 1. Exposition 2. Complication 3. Crisis 4. Climax 5. Resolution B. Theme of plot IV Critical analysis A. Theme 1. Racism 2. Slavery C. Characters D. Atmosphere E. Conflicts V. Evaluation VI. Review of movie version VII. Conclusion Tarin 1 The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Read MoreSwot Contribution to Porters Model2629 Words   |  11 PagesDiscuss how Porter’s 5 forces model might contribute to a SWOT analysis Created in 1994 and launched in 1995, Amazon.com today is a group which count several websites and search engine such as Alexa or A9, mobipocket.com, the Internet Movie Database (imdb.com) or even the group Abebooks, specialized in ancient and rare books. In 2007, Jeff Besos, Amazon s CEO, launched the Kindle, made to compete with a whole new range of pads like the Apple Ipad. Over the years Amazon has diversified its activitiesRead MoreEssay Renting and Netflix7311 Words   |  30 PagesPurpose Statement 2 Company Profile: Netflix, Inc. 3 Industry Profile: Video Tape and Disc Rental 4 INTERNAL ENVIRONMENT ANALYSIS 8 Resources 8 Capabilities 11 Core Competencies and Distinctive Competencies 14 Value Chain Analysis 17 Weighted Competitive Strength Assessment 30 SWOT Analysis 33 REFERENCES 34 APPENDIX 36 Team Evaluation Form 37 Company Images Montage INTRODUCTION Purpose Statement

Essay about music in africa - 662 Words

Music and dance are so related closely in African thinking that it is difficult for them to separate song from movement or speech from playing the drum. In this case, the arts are a part of everyday normal life. Life cycle events including, but not limited to, birth, puberty and death are celebrated with a musical performance. Because music is so integral to society, everyone is expected to be able to sing and dance at a certain level of proficiency. Beyond that, certain people are selected for special musical training. These exceptional performers tend to reply on the help of spirits for guidance, which demand high performance from the individual. Musical instruments in West Africa are not just objects; they are semi-human as they take†¦show more content†¦In this tale, Woi got the help of an anteater and mole who dug a tunnel under the hill so that the house could pass. In the chorus of Woi, there are two different singing parts: both singing the same thing, but one repeated after the first and at a different interval. This use of faceting and interlocking and alternating parts, is greatly admired in the West African culture and is the highest form of performance. Another example is from a horn ensemble (CD track 3: Tranverse Horn Ensemble). In this case, the players were playing a very short motif that was interlocked with that of the other musicians, turning into a larger pattern, or hocket. While hard at work bush clearing, music could still be heard. Men who were not cutting were playing short patterns of several notes that interlocked with the other instrument’s pattern while the working me worked to the rhythm of this slit-log ensemble. Also, there was a singing call-and-response pattern between the musicians and the clearers. Faceting and cutting-the-edge is a dance that symbolizes the end of an event, with a bow and a hand gesture. With this, it shows that they highly prize faceting. Cutting-the-edge is a critical issue in music. When the performers employed it, entertainment music was dominant. Likewise, when the performers didn’t employ it, ritual was involved and continuity was an important emphasis in the expression. Another type of musical expression isShow MoreRelatedThe Apartheid of Music in South Africa Essay709 Words   |  3 PagesThe question presented, concerning the South African apartheid and the music that was involved with the movements, debates whether the music came from the people’s desire to over come apartheid or if the music was a catalyst to the movement. As explained in the movie, the people used music for different aspects of the music, fundamentally a different song for every part of the movement. The music was a way in which the people could express themselves in a way that was noticed by their over rulersRead MoreHistory Of Musical History, And Music Theory Of South Africa997 Words   |  4 PagesSara Dietrich Mr. Moore AMU3M January 6, 2015 South Africa This paper is going to talk about the history, musical history, and music theory of South Africa. The country is populated with 52.98 million people and the main religion is Christian. The country of South Africa is located on the southern most tip of the continent of Africa and covers 4% of the total landmass. It is bordered by Mozambique, Namibia, and Botswana. It is a very biodiverse country because of the Atlantic ocean flankingRead MoreWest Africa581 Words   |  3 PagesHOMEWORK #4 CHAPTER 10; AFRICA 1. How do the principal musical manifestations found in the sub-Saharan Africa reflect the collective community and encourage group participations? a. Most of the collective music manifestations found in sub-Saharan Africa represent the community, and encourage group participation using a method that is called call-and-response. If they aren’t using a call-and-response such music’s are usually to be found at events such as religious ceremonies, and/orRead MoreAfrican Music And Its Impact On The World1051 Words   |  5 Pagesmost music we hear today is profanity such as rap or pop or basically any music in the united states. But there is one culture that hasn t changed that much but has stayed to their roots and is still popular today. That is African American music. Because of the rise of modern day music in America such as rap and pop I want to show how African music has impacted the world today and stayed in their roots. African music or better known as black music brought a lot of different types of music to AmericaRead MoreThe Music Of The World Music Essay1634 Words   |  7 Pagesand society, therefore it cannot be performed. Artists perform their music. While musicians do not perform their race, since it is an inherent quality of all people, it is often, but not always, seen as inauthentic when musicians perform outside of their race, gender, or class. This is especially true when someone from a more privileged class performs the art of the lower class. While completely replicating a certain style of music can often be seen as inauthentic, certain artists can easily performRead MoreThe History, Criticism And Theory Of The Arts935 Words   |  4 Pagesasked different questions about Africa, for example, how has Africa influenced American culture and whether Africa is a source of intellectual education and inspiration, among other questions. Some of those interviewed had to admit how little is k nown about modern day Africa and its extensive history. Some stated they believed everything started with Africa, for example music and dances that are popular in the Western world stemmed from Africa, others thought Africa was an intellectual and inspirationalRead MoreThe History Of African Music1139 Words   |  5 PagesThe history of Africa dates back four to five million years ago. Throughout Africa’s history, music has always been a consistent element that is important to the culture. The music can vary from being a story passed down orally to a melody that represents a war cry. Many elements of the music that are listened to today have been shaped by older African cultures. Through the usage of different musical components, various instruments, and musical influence, African music heavily contributes to itsRead MoreNkosi Sikelel Africa: A Song Made More Popular by the Governments Banning1336 Words   |  6 Pages The music from the Apartheid in South Africa was extrem ely important in the movement for freedom. At a time when there wasn’t much money for the Anti-Apartheid Movement, music became the most important weapon. The songs sung all over South Africa in resistance to the Apartheid intimidated the government more than weapons and violence could because of the powerful meaning behind each song that unified and strengthened the resistance. Artists all over South Africa wrote songs speaking out againstRead MoreInanga: A Song of Survival in Daughter’s Rwanda1673 Words   |  7 Pages Transcending individual differences, music in Africa has proved to be more than just a collection of notes and the production of sounds. Throughout this past semester, Professor B drew materials from West, East and South Africa to demonstrate the powerful ability of music to bring and bind people together. Consistently exemplified throughout African history, music has served as the unifying link between generations. In the documentary, Inanga: A S ong of Survival in Daughter’s Rwanda, a family’sRead MoreThe Development of Jazz in South Africa1409 Words   |  6 PagesOn June 19, 1890 South Africans came into contact with African American music for the first time. This contact came when Orpheus McAdoo’s Virginia Jubilee Singers. Orpheus McAdoo, a graduate of Hampton Institute, now known as Hampton University in Hampton, Virginia joined five members of the original Fisk Jubilee Singers, an African American a capella group from Fisk University and began to tour places such as Europe, Australia, and New Zealand. When he returned to the U.S., he added four members

The Causes and Effects of Global Health Issues. - 2567 Words

The Causes and Effects of Global Health Issues. Despite the fact that a significant improvement has been made in medical treatment, global health is still a serious issue that needs addressing. One aspect of this is widespread diseases, which have been threatening nations all around the world, bringing about a number of problematic effects. Furthermore, developing countries are at a disadvantage in terms of reacting to these illnesses due to their high level of poverty and shortage of education. In particular, cancer, AIDS, and malaria are considered to be severe diseases in developing countries. Therefore, possible causes and effects of these particular diseases will be discussed in this essay. Cancer has been regarded as the most†¦show more content†¦Another feature is that the disease can slow down the economic growth resulted in a large amount of direct and indirect costs. For example, the government may spend money on medical care, drugs, and funeral expenses for direct costs and on taking care of orphans for indirect costs (Bollinger and Stover, 1999). Statistics prove that AIDS has already reduced the economic growth rates by 2-4% annually in Africa (British Medical Journal, 2002). The second effect of AIDS is at an individual level. Firstly, households are likely to lose income because of an AIDS patient. The data indicates that AIDS-related treatments can cost one-third of a family’s income per month (D.S., n.d.). Moreover, medical fees especially care-related expenses push these households deeper into poverty. Burkina Faso’s research has discovered that AIDS will increase the number of people living in abject poverty from 45% in 2000 to 51% in 2015 (D.S., n.d.). Additionally, a lot of women are forced to turn to prostitution in order to financially support their AIDS relatives (D.S., n.d.). In many cases, households are broken up due to AIDS (D.S., n.d.). Secondly, as family members become ill or die, children have to abandon their education and take on more responsibility to look after their family. Furthermore, an increasing number of African children are becoming orphans as a consequence of AIDS. Fleshman (2001)Show MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Global Warming On The World1235 Words   |  5 Pagesit. They may not be feeling the effects of global warming at the moment, but in time it will become a more widespread issue. The effects of global warming are hard to refute, and there is endless evidence of this growing problem in our world today. The continuation of global warming is a serious threat to everyone and everything on Earth. Global warming has been a problem for over a hundred years, and it continues to grow every day. The first evidence of global warming was discovered in 1859Read MoreEnvironmental Global Health : A Social Science Point Of View1492 Words   |  6 Pages Environmental global health analyzes the nature and build of the environmental by researching the effects of human and their interactions with the environment while creating ways to reduce environmental risk factors. Singer and Erickson define environmental risk factors as: â€Å"specific ways that environment features and events threaten human health† (Singer, Erickson 2013: 114). Environmental Global Health effects everyone from a state, community, organizational, interpersonal, and individual levelRead MoreGlobal Warming Is An Issue That Scientists And All People Should Be Concerned With The Environment1548 Words   |  7 PagesMany folks have heard of global warming which is also known as the Greenhouse effect, but donâ₠¬â„¢t know if it’s real or not, well the answer is that it is real and hopefully by the end of reading this people will understand why. There are numerous thoughts about whether global warming is truly an issue that scientists and all people should be concerned with. Some people feel that climate change is not a threat at all, but at the same time others feel that global warming is a huge threat to people andRead MoreThe Effects of Global Warming on the Planet1158 Words   |  5 PagesGlobal warming can be defined as the increase in the earths sea level due to an increase in surface temperature. In decades past, there have been debates on what can be causing global warming. Greenhouse gasses and ozone depletion are one of the most important factors that geologists are facing in the fight against global warming. It presents a major problem for not only geologists, but also for policy makers, foresters, scientists, and most definitely the inhabitants of the Earth. Greenhouse e ffectsRead MoreGlobal Climate Change And Global Warming1054 Words   |  5 Pagesisn t much of a secret that global climate change is happening. From the melting of the polar ice caps, to record severe temperatures, rise in natural disasters, rise in pollution, greater number of vector-borne and water borne illnesses, and much more. Unless there is something done to change the current technology being used to provide energy to the human population global climate change will only continue to get worse. Climate change is the biggest global health threat of the 21st century andRead MoreThe Problem Of Global Health1588 Words   |  7 PagesGlobal health is a field of focus for many nations worldwide but there are many colonies that are still struggling with health. Many nations struggle with the development of strategies to prevent disease, outbreak, other struggle with the development of new medications, and vaccinations but together these struggles create global health issues worldw ide. Canada is considered to be one of the most developed countries in the world and many other less-developed nations rely on Canada for solutions toRead MoreEssay on Severe Air Pollution in China1563 Words   |  7 PagesChina has finally begun to take this issue more seriously. They are the worst country in the world when it comes to air pollution due to their huge population and large demand of manufactured goods (AFOP). This however is no excuse for what they do to the environment.This is a very important issue because of how much environmental damage can be prevented as well as setting an example of pollution reduction across the world. They must take this issue very seriously because air quality hasRead MoreThe Effects Of Air Pollution On The Climate And Civilization Essay1571 Words   |  7 Pagesheat waves was the everyday norm. If action is not taken to reduce the amount of pollution humanity emits into the air, there will be detrimental effects on the climate and civilization. For instance, air pollution harms the health of people, causing respiratory issues, and air pollution negatively affects the climate, causing global warming. Both issues are also detrimental to the future of humanity on earth. Civilization will be forced to face terrifying consequences, such as high temperatures,Read MoreThe Threat Posed by Global Warming Essay examples1359 Words   |  6 PagesGlobal Warming Introduction The environmental situation in the world is worsening on a regular basis mostly due to the pollution caused by human-made activities. The global warming and climate change do not only affect people’s health and nature but also the economy forcing people to invent ways in order to reduce the negative impact of this natural catastrophe. This paper will describe the nature of global warming, as well as the basic causes and effects of this continuous rise of the Earth’sRead MoreTaking a Look at Malnutrition1761 Words   |  7 PagesAsia. Not only is malnutrition an issue with the general population of people, but it is the biggest contributor to the deaths of children. There are political, economic, and cultural factors about this issue that can be analyzed to further explain the global health issue of malnutrition in children, and its international response. Malnutrition is a major topic, but what some people do not know about it is that there are many different aspects to it, which causes it to be such a broad topic. That

Purchasing And Material Management Of Business - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss about thePurchasing and material management ofa business. Answer: Introduction The report focuses on the concept of early supplier involvement in the business world. Early Supplier Involvement is used to define the collaboration between supply chain partners and manufacturers at the initial stage of product development (Brindley, 2017). The reason for choosing this topic is to understand the benefits that a business may encounter if the suppliers are involvement from the initial stage before the development of a product. The study can help in understanding the theories involved in the supply chain and the results that are normally derived by a manufacturer. The report can help in comparing the difference between involvements of suppliers at an early stage with that of the involvement at a later stage. The report focuses on reviews by scholars and identifies models involved in understanding the topic. The methods used for gathering data has highlighted that help in deriving the result. The discussion related to findings and the implications are mentioned in the report. Concept of Early Supplier Involvement In the modern day, every business organisation wants to gain a competitive advantage in the market. This needs to be done by formulating strategies that are required for conducting the business in a proper manner. According to Menguc, Auh Yannopoulos, (2014), Early Supplier Involvement (ESI) is one such strategy that is adopted by managers in order to promote a product before its release. This promotion is done by involving the stakeholders that have considerable interest in the company. The stakeholders involve the customers, suppliers and the manufacturers. The early involvement of the stakeholders provides various advantages to the business. One such advantage is the better quality of products. Preview about the process used for product development is provided at an early stage to the stakeholders. This provides an opportunity to entertain ideas about the ways by which a product can be improved. The quality of a product can be improved depending upon the needs and wants of the customers. Keeping this in mind, the cost of the product can also be reduced. In the opinion of Yurtkulu, Hilletofth Johansson, (2014), the involvement of manufacturers reduce the cost of manufacturing the product. Subsequently, the final price of the product is also reduced. The product life cycle is also reduced which can help in the rapid development of the product. However, there are certain challenges as well. The basic challenge that every manager faces is the implementation of the system. Most of the employees believe that involvement of manufacturers and customers can result in the failure of the product (Sarang et al., (2016). This is mainly because of the loss of the surprise element that at times can attract the customers. Importance of Early Supplier Involvement In order to develop a product in a manner the customers can use, certain specifications are required to be maintained. These specifications can at times be complicated for the engineers designing the product. Hence, the involvement of suppliers can reduce the burden of calculating the specifications and gathering resources one at a time. According to Roh, Hong Min, (2014), the involvement of suppliers in ESI is an important factor for the company. Apart from this, the change in process is another factor that is important for the implementation of ESI. In earlier times, the suppliers were not involved in product development. Hence, the process used for manufacturing a product was lengthy. The involvement of suppliers after the designing of the product proved to have a negative factor as in most times there remained discrepancies in the product. However, with the involvement in the initial stage, such discrepancies can be avoided (Zhao, Cavusgil Cavusgil, 2014). Based on the quality of the products that are being manufactured the inventory can also be controlled. This provides an opportunity to manage the inventory and make a place for involving new products (Luzzini et al., 2015). Thus, the importance of ESI can be attributed to reducing the number of flaws that an engineer may commit while designing a product. Early Supplier Involvement in new product development According to Yeniyurt, Henke Yalcinkaya (2014), long-term relationship with the customers is required in order to maintain the supply chain of a company. Cooperation between the suppliers and the customers can help in the sales of the products and provide the company with an added advantage. Hence, while developing a new product, it is necessary that the opinions of the customers be taken into consideration. This can be done by providing the customers with feedback forms that can help in understanding the tastes and preferences of the customers. The ways by which the customers remain involved in the business is indicative of the level of expectations that exist in the business. Pystynen (2016) stated that the dependence structure followed by the customers have a considerable influence in the supply chain. Apart from this, the involvement of suppliers can also lead to the increase in profit. This can be done by proving proper knowledge about the ways by which the products can be manufactured. The manufacturing cost is reduced which makes it possible for setting up a reasonable price for the customers. Thus, it can be said that in order to develop and launch a new product, the involvement of the suppliers is important (Monczka et al., 2015). The new product development method involves five steps that help in the involvement of the suppliers. Figure 1: Process of developing new product (Source: Yue Jing, 2015) Early Supplier Involvement and Resource Dependency Theory In the modern world, Resource Dependency Theory (RDT) has become influential in understanding organisational and strategic management theories. Rossignoli Ricciardi, (2015) is of the opinion that the need for support from external sources is required by every organisation. In the course of this assistance, the organisations become dependent upon the external resources. RDT helps in removing such dependencies by analysing the potential issues that may arise in the organisation. RDT helps in creating an innovative atmosphere that helps enterprises to continue the current task. According to Jones et al., (2016), the use of this theory can help in gaining a competitive advantage for an organisation. Therefore, the link between ESI and RDT can be well established from the fact that the introduction of an innovative model can help any organisation to satisfy customers. This theory can particularly be used in the case of developing new products. In this regard, it can be said that the profitability of the enterprises depend on the techniques used for innovation and the dependence it has on the external factors (Craib, 2015). Hence, an organisation needs to maintain a future course of action in order to ensure that the profitability is maintained. The building of social relationships can also help in the development of resources. This is because, with the involvement of people from various sectors, the designing of products can be made in an effective manner. Hence, this theory can help in the effective involvement of suppliers and contribute to improving the quality of the product. Early Supplier Involvement and Social Exchange Theory According to Christopher, (2016), Social Exchange Theory (SET) is important to understand the decision-making issues that a purchaser normally faces. In order to make an assessment regarding the product that needs to be purchased, decision-making is important considering various elements. The elements include planning of the demand, analysing the strategy, analyse the strategy adopted by the supplier and the awards or rewards that may be obtained. It has been observed that SET is applicable while trying to analyse the strategies adopted by the suppliers. This can be done by establishing a long-term relationship with the suppliers, gaining the trust and remaining committed to a certain level of purchase. In the light of this statement, it can be said that the application of SET is an important in order to improve the buyer and supplier relationship (Stadtler, 2015). This helps in increasing the performance of the organisation. The involvement of suppliers at the initial stage is usefu l for maintaining the relationship with the suppliers. This is because SET helps in analysing the potential benefits and pitfalls before making a decision. This is an important part of an organisation as the decisions involved may lead to the proper execution of the product and services. Apart from this, Wisner, Tan Leong, (2014) stated that social exchange also involves the analysis of the outcome by calculating the rewards from the cost involved. This is indicative of the fact that people willing to make social exchanges weigh the difference between the cost factor and the reward factor. Hypothesis and gaps After analysing the theories and the models that involved in the involvement of suppliers in the early stages of production, a possible hypothesis can be gathered. The theories provided are indicative of the fact that in the modern business world, the implication of ESI can help an organisation to develop in an effective manner (He et al., 2014). The benefits that are involved in the application of the technique signify that the use of the technique can help identifying flaws in the organisational context. However, Jean, Sinkovics Hiebaum, (2014) stated that the relation between the suppliers and designers need to be involved more in the organisational context. Another important thing that the theories failed to deliver was the fact that the use of ESI in the modern day is in contrast with that involved in earlier times. The relation to change in a manufacturing process is a huge bonus for organisations that involve in profit-making objectives and customer satisfaction (Pulles, Veld man Schiele, 2014). Thus, the application of such information can help in understanding the ways by which ESI is applicable in the modern world. Apart from this, the theories can be used in order to come to a relevant conclusion and findings that help in the implication of ESI in the business. Research method In order to conduct the research in a successful manner, the researcher has adopted certain methods to collect data. The secondary method of collecting data has been chosen in order to understand the concept of ESI and its importance in business. The secondary data can help in understanding the concept in a broad manner and suggest ways to make improvements. Based on these findings can also be derived that are essential for the research. The researcher used information from books, journals and websites in order to gain the necessary details concerning the topic. Analysis on the theoretical aspect is done in order to develop the idea of the concept in a broader manner. The resources used for collecting data are the reviews and opinions of renowned scholars. The reason for choosing this source is to understand the opinions of the scholars and help in the development of a proper knowledge about the topic. Findings From the analysis of the literature review, it can be said that the use of ESI in the modern business has influenced a lot of change in the business world. Reports claim that most significant changes have been seen in organisations that specialise in manufacturing cars and other technologies. Such a detail is evidenced by the fact that the involvement of suppliers has helped in reducing callbacks of the cars considerably in the past year. It has been seen that about 15% of the automobile industries have applied the process and have managed to reduce the callbacks. However, some automobile industries have failed to use the system in an effective manner. The literature review also provides an understanding of the models that are required to maintain proper manufacturing of a product. These models are used along with the ESI in order to understand the ways by which an organisation can be impacted. The conservation of resources has made about 2% production houses to engage in sustainabil ity of the environment. The completion of the literature review also helped to identify the potential areas that need improvement. The supplier and designer relation need to be analysed in order to understand the level of collaboration among the employees. Evidence shows there has been a rise by 4% of the sale of goods from small enterprises due to the use of ESI method. It has also been seen that the managing of resources needs to be done in order to avoid any potential dependent on the external environment. The following part provides the discussions of the findings. Discussion of findings From the findings, it can be said that the use of ESI in business can help in the development of competitive advantage in the market. The involvement of the suppliers can bring about expertise for the management and designing of the products. This can help in reducing any discrepancies in the work place. The application of RDT and SET is useful in engaging the suppliers. This is because with the application of proper resources in the business, it can be easy for organisations to maintain track of the level of expertise required. It can also help in maintaining sustainability in the business as evidence from the findings. The literature review also suggests that the use of SET can help in determining the advantages of a particular business. In this regard, the decisions taken by the managers can be influenced by the application of SET during the involvement of suppliers. The advantages of such an involvement can help in reducing many mistakes that can occur. The advice from experience d people can bring about knowledge for the designers. RDT can reduce the dependency of the external resources. Thus, the implications of these findings can help an organisation in every way. However, in certain areas, the application of this cannot be implemented properly. Implication of findings The findings suggest that the use of ESI has not been implemented in emerging markets of the world. The implication of ESI in business markets in Brazil, India, Russia, China and South Africa need to be made in order to improve the level of productivity. In the recent areas, these countries have emerged as serious marketing countries in terms of manufacturing of goods and products. However, with backward technology and an unstable economic environment, the countries have been unable to improve the techniques used for product marketing. Apart from this, the lack of ESI in the service industry also needs to be improved. In retail industries, the use of the manufacturing tools needs to make with the application of ESI and its supporting factors. Service industries, like retail stores that manufacture goods, need to implement this in order to maintain the quality of the products and satisfy customers. Conclusion Thus, it can be concluded that involvement of suppliers before the finalisation of products can help an organisation avoid major flaws. The way by which an experienced supplier can guide the designing team can be useful for the employees. In this regard, the application of different theories can also help in developing the concept. However, while conducting the research there have been certain limitations in terms of a gathering of data. This is mainly because of the fact that the research is based on secondary data and recent implications in business in the last 25 years were difficult to find. In the modern world, the implication of this strategy in the service sectors has been limited. The future scope of the research is the study of ESI in the service industry. The impact creates in the emerging market can also be a course of study for the future. Reference Brindley, C. (Ed.). (2017).Supply chain risk. Taylor Francis. Christopher, M. (2016).Logistics supply chain management. Pearson UK. Craib, I. (2015).Modern social theory. Routledge. He, Y., Lai, K. K., Sun, H., Chen, Y. (2014). The impact of supplier integration on customer integration and new product performance: the mediating role of manufacturing flexibility under trust theory.International Journal of Production Economics,147, 260-270. Jean, R. J., Sinkovics, R. R., Hiebaum, T. P. (2014). The effects of supplier involvement and knowledge protection on product innovation in customersupplier relationships: a study of global automotive suppliers.Journal of Product Innovation Management,31(1), 98-113. Jones, T. M., Donaldson, T., Freeman, R. E., Harrison, J. S., Leana, C. R., Mahoney, J. T., Pearce, J. L. (2016). Management theory and social welfare: Contributions and challenges. Luzzini, D., Amann, M., Caniato, F., Essig, M., Ronchi, S. (2015). The path of innovation: purchasing and supplier involvement into new product development.Industrial Marketing Management,47, 109-120. Menguc, B., Auh, S., Yannopoulos, P. (2014). Customer and supplier involvement in design: The moderating role of incremental and radical innovation capability.Journal of Product Innovation Management,31(2), 313-328. Monczka, R. M., Handfield, R. B., Giunipero, L. C., Patterson, J. L. (2015).Purchasing and supply chain management. Cengage Learning. Pulles, N. J., Veldman, J., Schiele, H. (2014). Identifying innovative suppliers in business networks: An empirical study.Industrial Marketing Management,43(3), 409-418. Pystynen, H. (2016). Purchasers role in the early supplier involvement: a case study of an automotive tier 1 company. Roh, J., Hong, P. Min, H., (2014). Implementation of a responsive supply chain strategy in global complexity: The case of manufacturing firms.International Journal of Production Economics,147, 198-210. Rossignoli, C., Ricciardi, F. (2015). Theories Explaining Inter-Organizational Relationships in Terms of Coordination and Control Needs. InInter-Organizational Relationships(pp. 7-36). Springer International Publishing. Sarang, J. P., Bhasin, H. V., Verma, R., Kharat, M. G. (2016). Critical Success Factors for Supplier Development and Buyer Supplier Relationship: Exploratory Factor Analysis.International Journal of Strategic Decision Sciences (IJSDS),7(1), 18-38. Stadtler, H. (2015). Supply chain management: An overview. InSupply chain management and advanced planning. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Wisner, J. D., Tan, K. C., Leong, G. K. (2014).Principles of supply chain management: A balanced approach. Cengage Learning. Yeniyurt, S., Henke, J. W., Yalcinkaya, G. (2014). A longitudinal analysis of supplier involvement in buyers new product development: working relations, inter-dependence, co-innovation, and performance outcomes.Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science,42(3), 291-308. Yue, L. I. U., Jing, S. U. N. (2015). The Impact of IFFE on NPD Performance: The Moderating Effect of Customer Involvement and Supplier Involvement.Management Science and Engineering,9(4), 7-14. Yurtkulu, E. Z., Hilletofth, P., Johansson, G. (2014). Foundation of the integration of supply chain decisions in new product development. InEurOMA. Zhao, Y., Cavusgil, E., Cavusgil, S. T. (2014). An investigation of the black-box supplier integration in new product development.Journal of Business Research,67(6), 1058-1064.

My Passion free essay sample

Maduakor, Reverend Spanish Per. 5 4/15/11 Passion Essay I have a passion for basketball. Basketball is my favorite sport. I’ve been playing organized basketball since I was four years old, at least as long as I can remember. Basketball is a very big important part of me. This is something that I am really good at and makes me very happy when I play. My mom supports me playing basketball very rarely. It seems like my mom doesn’t care but I think she does deep down inside. My mom wants me to focus more on school then basketball. Her motto is â€Å"business before pleasure†.I tell her that basketball can help me get to college. In the movie â€Å"Real Women Have Curves†, I think I relate to Ana the most because her mom wants everything she does to be perfect. My mom does the same to me. Nobody on this world is perfect so everything can’t be done the way we like it. We will write a custom essay sample on My Passion or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Everyone makes mistakes because we’re not perfect, that’s why we learn from our mistakes so we won’t do them again. Nigerian parents expect a lot out of you. They make sure that they train us correctly. They want us to do good in school and be somebody in the future like a doctor, nurse, pediatrician, etc. They are also very strict and serious when it comes to school. Most Nigerian moms are nurses and they want their children to become like them so they train us the correct way in order to do this. In conclusion, basketball is what I like to do but I should focus more on school because without school, I can’t play college basketball in the future or at least become somebody. I also know that I need to have a plan B in case basketball doesn’t work out for me because there’s people all over the world who have the same dream I have and are trying to pursue it. My Passion free essay sample Ten minutes after I was born, my parents decided that I will be a mechanical engineer once I grow up. So, I indulged the idea into my brain that I have to become a mechanical engineer. I took every math class available and worked hard through that process. I was 9 years old when my dad bought me a second hand computer, running Windows 98. While my friends were interested in using the computers, I was interested in how they worked. Then GTA Vice City came into the streets of Lucknow and everyone began to play it. I too wanted to play it but unfortunately my computer could not run it. So, I opened up the CPU, replaced my hard drive and installed a Graphics Card. I was 13. It worked too, but after a while, itdestroyed my MotherBoard. My dad was happy because he thought I will now concentrate more on my studies and not on â€Å"all that crap†. We will write a custom essay sample on My Passion or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page When â€Å"all that crap† broke, I decided learn everything it takes to fix computers. Fast-forwarding, 5 years later, I am in the USA. I still remember my guidance meeting over my first summer. I was put into all easy classes, including Intro to Computer Science. I was shocked. I used to be the smartest kid in my computer class back in India, but now I would have start all over. Right after 3 days of me in that class, my professor advised me to move up a level. Switching gears from a College Prep 1 (CP1) class to a Honors Class, I was now studying C++. The concept was easy to grasp, and after 5 days, I took my first test. I got a 100 and spent less than 15 minutes on it. My professor decided to give me a much harder exam, and I did really well. He then advised me to switch into AP Java. The class was hard, and interesting too. Yes, I learned a lot of new material, but I missed the fun I used to have with coding. Prior to this, if I would see a piece of code not working, I would divide it into parts and make them work, just like my computer. I wasnt enjoying coding in AP Java. I was acting like a computer. I was passing tests rather than exploring my own interests. I wanted to do something more, which led me to enroll in Help Desk. Help Desk is a semester course and as the name itself suggests we help people with their technical difficulties. Help Desk was the best class I have ever been into. I loved it. We also went to various conferences, schools and EdCamps. I was gaining real life lessons. One of the most exciting things I did when I was enrolled in Help Desk was that I moderated a twitter chat. The chat was conducted with the hashtag #edtechchat. Teachers from all around the world joined this chat. We discussed how technology could help in making classrooms fun and teaching a lot more easier. I learned about how teachers view technology in their classroom which motivated me a lot. At the beginning of my senior year, a huge setback for me was my inability to take the Help Desk course. It didn’t fit in my schedule. Still everyday, during what people call â€Å"Study†, I sit in Help Desk and try to help everyone I can. The feeling when I fix someone’s iPad is better than getting an A+ in a class. Problem solving is just like fixing a computer. One needs to take all the aspects of it and analyze it until it makes sense, put it back again in the problem. There is a huge difference in the problem now, it’s much easier.